Research has established the major steps of the writing process. These steps are identified in the five concepts of this strand, each supported with specific performance objectives. While all steps are needed and used by effective writers as they compose text, different skills may be emphasized in individual assignments. These steps may be used recursively as a piece moves toward completion. Throughout the process, students should reflect on their own writing skills, set goals, and evaluate their own progress.
| Concept 3: Revising
Revising includes evaluating and refining the rough draft for clarity and effectiveness. (Ask: Does this draft say what you want it to say?) |
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Kindergarten |
Grade 1 | Grade 2 |
| PO 1. Reread original draft scripted by teacher or individual. | PO 1. Reread original draft for clarity. | PO 1. Reread original draft for clarity. |
| PO 2. Add additional details with prompting. | PO 2. Add additional details with prompting. | PO 2. Add additional relevant details for audience understanding. |
| PO 3. Evaluate the draft for use of one or more writing elements, with the assistance of teacher, peer, checklist, or rubric.
(See Strand 2) |
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| Grade 3 | Grade 4 | Grade 5 |
| PO 1. Evaluate the draft for use of ideas and content, organization, voice, word choice, and sentence fluency. (See Strand 2) | PO 1. Evaluate the draft for use of ideas and content, organization, voice, word choice, and sentence fluency. (See Strand 2) | PO 1. Evaluate the draft for use of ideas and content, organization, voice, word choice, and sentence fluency. (See Strand 2) |
| PO 2. Add details to the draft to more effectively accomplish the purpose. | PO 2. Add details to the draft to more effectively accomplish the purpose.
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PO 2. Add details to the draft to more effectively accomplish the purpose.
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| PO 3. Rearrange words, sentences, and paragraphs to clarify the meaning of the draft. | PO 3. Rearrange words, sentences, and paragraphs to clarify the meaning of the draft.
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PO 3. Rearrange words, sentences, and paragraphs to clarify the meaning of the draft.
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| PO 4. Use a combination of sentence structures (i.e., simple, compound) to improve sentence fluency in the draft. | PO 4. Use a combination of sentence structures (i.e., simple, compound) to improve sentence fluency in the draft.
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PO 4. Use a combination of sentence structures (i.e., simple, compound) to improve sentence fluency in the draft.
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| PO 5. Modify word choice appropriate to the application in order to enhance the writing. | PO 5. Modify word choice appropriate to the application in order to enhance the writing.
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PO 5. Modify word choice appropriate to the application in order to enhance the writing.
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| PO 6. Apply appropriate tools or strategies (e.g., peer review, checklists, rubrics) to refine the draft. | PO 6. Apply appropriate tools or strategies (e.g., peer review, checklists, rubrics) to refine the draft.
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PO 6. Apply appropriate tools or strategies (e.g., peer review, checklists, rubrics) to refine the draft.
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| PO 7. Use resources and reference materials to select more precise vocabulary. | PO 7. Use resources and reference materials to select more precise vocabulary. | PO 7. Use resources and reference materials to select more precise vocabulary.
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